The Nigerian Meteorological Agency (NiMet) has warned that several northern states face a heightened risk of cerebrospinal meningitis (CSM) as dry season conditions intensify across parts of the country.
In a public advisory shared on its official X (formerly Twitter) account, NiMet described meningitis as a serious infection affecting the protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord.
The agency explained that the disease is commonly caused by the bacterium Neisseria meningitidisand spreads mainly through respiratory droplets, especially in crowded or poorly ventilated environments.
States at high risk of meningitis
NiMet identified the following states as being at high risk of meningitis outbreaks:
- Sokoto
- Zamfara
- Kebbi
- Katsina
- Kano
- Jigawa
- Adamawa
- Gombe
- Bauchi
- Yobe
- Borno
Residents in parts of central Nigeria were advised to remain vigilant and report suspected symptoms quickly.
Meanwhile, Plateau, Oyo, Cross River, Edo, Ekiti and Enugu were classified as low-vigilance areas.
“Stay informed. Follow public health guidance and participate in community awareness campaigns,” NiMet said.
Symptoms and prevention
NiMet warned that meningitis can progress rapidly and become life-threatening within hours if untreated.
Common symptoms include:
- Sudden high fever
- Severe headache
- Neck stiffness
- Nausea or vomiting
- Sensitivity to light
The agency stressed that vaccination remains one of the most effective preventive measures, while also urging residents to practise good hygiene and improve ventilation in homes and public spaces.
Nigeria lies within Africa’s “meningitis belt,” where dry, dusty weather often increases the risk of seasonal outbreaks.
